Attend Service At Two Different Jewish Churches Essay

I chose to attend service at two different Jewish churches. The first one was Congregation Gesher L’Torah in Alpharetta, Georgia and the second was Congregation Beth Hallel in Roswell, Georgia. Though both were of the Judaism religion, there were some differences. I attended a Friday night service at Congregation Gesher L’Torah. My apprehensions about being black and going to a Jewish church made me invite a friend to go with me. I was glad I did, as the stares and long looks we got during the service validated my concerns. The church was rather small, but quite modern. There was a small playground in the back for children to play. All of the windows were made of beautiful stained glass. As we approached the church, we could see the Star of David positioned high in a large stained glass window. We spoke to a lady who was exiting the church as we were coming in, but she said nothing. Once inside, a man who was ushering came over to us and said, â€Å"Shabbat Shalom†. I had been greeted with Shalom many time before at my old church, but never â€Å"Shabbat Shalom†. I didn’t know what was appropriate to say, but somehow â€Å"Shalom† came spilling out of my mouth, and the usher nodded. He gave us two books, Siddur Sim Shalom (a prayer book) and Gesher L’Tefillah (another prayer book). My friend and I found it hard to follow the prayers and songs from each book because most of the text was in Hebrew and the Siddur Sim Shalom opened and was to be read from the back of the b ook with the pagesShow MoreRelatedComparative Analysis of Judaism and Christianity1529 Words   |  7 Pages are also known as the Children of Abraham because all three religions share the belief of the covenant Abraham made with God (Peters, 1) two thousand years before the time of Christ (Soltes, 11). In this covenant God promises Abraham a long life with many descendents and the land of Canaan in return for keeping faith with God (Oxtoby, 67). In both the Jewish and Christian religion there is a ceremony that is held to mark the day in which you become a part of your religious community. Jew’s areRead MoreMy Visit to a Jewish Synagogue Essay874 Words   |  4 PagesWednesday 9-12 When I visited my first Jewish synagogue, I expected it to be very different. My previous experience with religious ceremonies was limited to a few visits to Baptist churches. The most surprising thing for me at this one was, oddly enough, its similarity to Christian services and rituals. I went into the religious visit expecting an enormous difference in the customs and perhaps even in the attitudes of the people attending the service. What I found instead was a religious ceremonyRead MoreChristianity And The New Testament1311 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity is a religion that is based on the life experiences and teachings of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. Christianity is the largest religion on Earth, with over two billion followers which are called Christians. Jesus is believed to be the Son of God and the Savior of Humanity who is coming as Christ in the flesh which is prophesized in the Old Testament. Christian’s profession of faith is that Jesus suffered for everyone, died and was buried in the tomb, and was resurrected from theRead MoreI Signed Up For World Religions Class976 Words   |  4 Pagesclass due to it counting for two Minnesota transfer circular goals credit for human diversity goal seven and global perspective goal eight. I also sign up for World Religions class because it was something completely new to me. I went to a private Lutheran school preschool through eighth grade. Than to a high school that was heavily influenced by the neighboring churches. The biggest religious differences I had encounter before college was how Catholic and Lutherans different in teachings about MaryRead MoreEssay Religion in Society1181 Words   |  5 PagesReligion in Society Miriam, Deborah and Huldah all are names of prophets from the Bible; they also all happen to be women. There are even two books in the Bible about women, Esther and Ruth. Psalm 68:11 reads, The Lord gives the command; the women who proclaim the good tidings are a great host. With all of this support for women, why are they treated as the inferior sex in the church? The article, â€Å"Women and Gender; Reading the Bible through the Eyes of Women,† states that it is â€Å"crucialRead MoreThe Holy Bible, By William Miller1206 Words   |  5 Pageshave developed their beliefs on what religion and God is to them. Churches today still share similar traditions and beliefs as ancient churches, but yet there are so many sects of religion and followings. When you think Christianity you may miss count all the diverse teachings. With all these different teachings, they all teach from â€Å"The Holy Bible,† but the scripture is translated in my different perspectives. Even though churches all read from the same book, â€Å"The Holy Bible†, it all comes downRead MoreLetter Of The Jewish Community Center1638 Words   |  7 PagesZakhele Thwala Dr. Stigner REL 231 02 December 2015 MY Visit To A Jewish Synagogue The Washington, D.C. Jewish community Center, which is part of the Judaism faith, is located at DuPont Circle 1529, 16th Street, NW, Washington DC, 20036. On November 13, 2015, I visited the Shabbat Shalom service, which is usually held on Friday evening at 6.00 P.M. Personally, I am a Christian by religion, my active involvement in church activities started at the early age of 16 years and ever since my faith haveRead MoreEssay on The Caribbean Identity1507 Words   |  7 Pagesinsider’s view. It is the difference between a Caribbean person and Caribbeanist, respectively. Therefore, while on a logical level, an analytical level, Benà ­tez-Rojo and Mintz’s, conclusions as to Caribbean identity could rightly be accepted, these two authors do not possess the experience and intensity to make me as a reader, convinced of their conclusions. Benà ­tez-Rojo and Mintz do utilize imagery in their texts. For example, Benà ­tez-Rojo quotes E. Dovergier as a manner of displaying with imagesRead MoreThe 19 Major World Religions1537 Words   |  7 Pagesmade it easier for Jesus to spread the word of Christianity and the teachings of God. Jesus is also known to perform miracles that were known to save people. One of his most famous miracles was feeding 5000 people with just five loaves of bread and two fish. He is also famous for turning water into wine at the wedding feast a Cana. The miracles performed by Jesus were not simply magic tricks to entertain the audience, in Christian thinking they were spiritual signs that show a truth about God’s kingdomRead MoreThe world consists of so many different types of religions, and every religion has its own1000 Words   |  4 PagesThe world consists of so many different types of religions, and every religion has its own objectives, their own path, and their own different beli efs. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are the three most prominent religions in the western civilization. From their origins to life rituals, they have a great amount of similarities and differences between these three prominent religions. The origin of Judaism initiated around 1812 BC and it is one of the world’s oldest monotheistic religions. This religion

Gozinto Chart - 1493 Words

INTRODUCTION Gozinto Chart named after an Italian mathematician Professor Zepartzat Gozinto is from the word ‘goes into’ is used to provide overall microview of how materials and subassemblies are united to form finished products. It is often called Assembly chart (Shim and Siegel, 1999) In other words, it is a pictorial representation of a product that shows how the elements required to build a product fit together. Gozinto Chart is a schematic model that defines how parts go together, the order of assembly, and the overall structure of the product. This chart is ideal for getting a bird’s eye view of the process for producing most assembled products. It lists all major materials and components, subassembly operations, inspections and†¦show more content†¦BOMs that describe the sub-assemblies are referred to as modular BOMs. An example of this is the NAAMS BOM that is used in the automative industry to list all the components in an assembly line. The structure of the NAAMS BOM is System, Line, Tool, Unit and Detail (Miller, 2008). A Partial WBS (Gozinto Chart) for an Annual Tribute Dinner Project Source:Jafri Robani (2004) Project Planning, in Nancy R. Tague (ed) The Quality Tool Box, Oxford: ASQ Quality Press. Low-Level Coding It is particularly suitable when common parts exist at different levels. Low-level coding helps to accumulate all gross requirements of the common part and after that, to start the record processing. If an item is used in multiple levels, the low-level code of the item is the lowest level number. The low-level code assigned to any part number is based on the part’s usage in all products. Once low-level codes are established, MRP record processing proceeds from one level code to the next, starting at level 0. Within a level, the MRP record processing is typically done in part number sequence. See Figure 5.4 below: Excerpted from Nancy R. Tague’s The Quality Toolbox, Second Edition, ASQ Quality Press, 2004, pages 501-504. Shtub and Dar – El (1990) are of the view that the

Liberal Arts Finances and Psychology

Question: Discuss about theLiberal Arts for Finances and Psychology. Answer: Introduction Humanities and social sciences generally covenant with the human features like political affairs, law, linguistics, finances and psychology. It can be found that one of the main dissimilarities between the two is that humanities take into account a more decisive as well as systematic approach whereas communal sciences mostly deal with more of a methodical approach. Generally, normal science is the learning of the cosmos and how it operates, while community science is the through and in-depth study of human behavior (Baker, Baldwin Makker, 2012). Brain and cognitive sciences are structuring a connection between the two; however, there are still extended ways to truthfully understand that why people behave the way they do. The major reason social science is intricate to do meticulously is that it is hardly ever probable to slot in in the double-blind, proscribed experimentations, for equally the principled and sensible causes (Brophy, Alleman Halvorsen, 2012). The rapidity of change is speeding up every day, as the innovative expertise are gradually converting the way we imagine, work, engage in recreation and narrate to each other. In order to appreciate how tough it is to foresee the prospect now, they require only think of how tricky it established to forecast the prospect in the history. In the sciences, journal articles are the primary metric of productivity as well as success (Hartley, 2014). In case of humanities, these are the books. It is known that the scientists can write the books and the people of humanities can write the journal articles, however, this is not important. Manninen and Tuomela (2012) have stated in his research paper that a key dissimilarity lies in their approach as communal sciences are sciences and take on an additional systematic approach, while humanities are expressive and make utilize of investigative procedures in order to clarify the notions. This is the reason why one discovers lots of clarification in the communal sciences, but a lot more sympathetic in humanities (Hartley, 2014). It can be seen that the functions of communal science is to categorize, make clear as well as probably forecast human behaviors. On the other hand, functions of humanities are to better understand the meaning and purpose of the human experience. This focuses both on the nature of the human conditions as well as within each exclusive individual (Hartley, 2014). Moreover, it can be stated that humanities make known knowledge for enhanced exploring and addressing the huge questions and at the same time meeting all the challenges in the human condition (Baker, Baldwin Makker, 2012). Therefore, it can be added that social sciences look at larger social forces and on the other hand, humanities look at the personal issues. Hartley (2014) in his research paper has opined that normal science tends to based on repeatable trialing depending on repeatable observation of the normal occurrence. On the other hand to natural sciences, communal science tends to be based on non-repeatable testing and the procedure of scrutinizing very frequently breaks off the social communications endeavoring to be experimental (Brophy, Alleman Halvorsen, 2012). References Baker, V. L., Baldwin, R. G., Makker, S. (2012). Where Are They Now? Revisiting Breneman's Study of Liberal Arts Colleges.Liberal Education,98(3), 48-53. Brophy, J., Alleman, J., Halvorsen, A. L. (2012).Powerful social studies for elementary students. Cengage Learning. Hartley, M. (2014).Call to purpose: Mission-centered change at three liberal arts colleges. Routledge. Manninen, J., Tuomela, R. (Eds.). (2012).Essays on explanation and understanding: studies in the foundations of humanities and social sciences(Vol. 72). Springer Science Business Media.

Organizational Analysis Fidelity Investments

Introduction This paper presents an analysis of Fidelity Investments Group in terms of how it operates and ensures a competitive edge. The first section of this paper focuses on the mission of the organization, the industry in which it operates and its business environment.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Organizational Analysis: Fidelity Investments specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The second section looks into the organization’s strategies and organizational structure. Further, the paper looks into organizational culture in fidelity investments. The second final section of this paper focuses on how strategic controlled is ensured in the organization. Finally, this paper presents dimensions that are unique to this organization thus distinguishing it from others in the market. Based on discussed factors, recommendations are made in the conclusion in terms of how the organization could be improved. Organizational Mission Fidelity investments is an arm of Fidelity International that was founded in 1969 and has been in operation ever since. This firm specializes in capital management and offers diversified financial services to a myriad of customers. Currently, fidelity investment is considered a leading global mutual fund management firm. Some of the other services offered by the organization include financial consultancy i.e. advising corporations and individuals in terms of capital planning and expenditure. The firm offers brokerage services, insurance services, wealth management services; retirement benefits management services and all securities related services. The mission of the corporation is in line with becoming â€Å"a leading provider of investment management, retirement planning, portfolio guidance, brokerage, benefits outsourcing and other financial products and services to more than 20 million individuals, institutions and financial intermediaries† (FMR L LC). In line with the said mission focus, Fidelity Investments’ top management has devised, in close collaboration with subordinates, various goals. Organizational goals are set with the aim of focusing organizational energies on a given success tangent.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As Griffin (177) points out, there is a clear link between organizational goals and organizational planning. Fidelity Investments strives to be the champion of best practices in the provision of financial services in the market. Its goals are in tandem with becoming the global leader that others follow when it comes to best practices in financial management. Currently, the focus of the company is on diversifying is services portfolio, attracting new revenue streams, driving profitability up and to proactively manage costs through cutting out unnecessary expenditure. Organizatio nal Strategy Fidelity Investments operates in a very competitive environment. Some of the key competitors of Fidelity Investments include state street corporation, Citigroup inc, Mellon corporation among numerous others (FMR LLC). Given it offers a diversified portfolio of services; it has competitors in several industries (FMR LLC). In 2011, Fidelity Investment has been ranked as one of the 14 leading brokerage firms in the world. This kind of rating comes due to the kind of operational strategies that the company has put in place. Generally, there are two bases of strategy i.e. organizational resources and designs. Griffin (78) points out that â€Å"the systems resource approach to organizational effectiveness focuses on the extent to which an organization can acquires the resources it needs†. Anchoring on both, the organization has been able to deliver value for customer’s money. The organization has built an edge by attracting the best minds in the market into its pool of employees. When it comes to product offering, the company has developed services portfolios that are tailored to the needs of its customers. In implementing strategies, their internal consistency thus plausibility and feasibility should guide the implementation process. Strategies have to be broken into specific actions that deliver on strategic objectives. There has to be interrelation and consistence in the specific actions flowing from each adopted strategy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Organizational Analysis: Fidelity Investments specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Each strategy should somehow have a bearing on other strategies i.e. they should mutually and intrinsically be complementary towards the same goals. The intrinsic consistency of strategies translates into the internal consistency in the specific actions to be carried out during implementation. This inner consistency and plausibil ity gives a sequence or order in which the implementation is to be done. In the case of Fidelity investments, the internal consistence has been achieved due to the synergistic approach adopted in the management of operations. At the organization, everyone matters and managers inspire everybody to operate excellently. Organizational Culture and Employee Motivation Human behavior unlike animal behavior often has a rationale behind it. It is widely accepted that even our instincts are based on a belief system or collective thoughts that inform our interpretation of situations. Fidelity Investments appreciates that workers are intelligent beings out to self-actualize through their every day work endeavors. Armstrong and Tina (3) define employee motivation in terms of the liveliness, ingenuity and dedication that employees bring into an organization or company. In the wake of the modern work conditions, employee motivation is a major concern in many organizations. Employees feel secure, satisfied and ready to work if they are motivated to work. Compensating employees is usually the highest cost in any organization. At Fidelity Investments, employee compensation is done in monetary terms or in the form of non-monetary benefits. The most commonly offered non-monetary benefits include items like medical cover, house allowance, entertainment allowance, and retirement benefits. Armstrong and Tina (7) indicate that the employees in the modern world are more impressed with the non-monetary benefits offered by the organization than the weight of the salary package. Some of the benefits employees appreciate most include â€Å"learning activities, flexible working hours, verbal praise, increased authority, and autonomy, time spent with the manager, time off from work, public praise, freedom to choose the tasks to perform and written praise† (Armstrong and Tina1). Monetary benefits are important but are no longer the topmost concern of employees. This is so given, more than they are with anything else; people are keener on comfortable working conditions.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One of the influential motivation theories is the needs theory attributed to Maslow. This theory contends that human needs are hierarchical and are consequently gratified in a hierarchical way. The hierarchy is organized in five levels of needs; the physiological needs, security and safety, belonging, self-esteem and self-actualization as the highest need in the pyramid (Armstrong and Tina18). Maslow emphasizes that the lower level needs are the basic human needs which must be satisfied first before the next need levels. The expectancy theory advanced by Vroom indicates that people tend to invest their efforts in order to attain desired performance. The strive to achieve desired level of performance because it leads to realization of personal expectations from employee (Armstrong Tina 98). The theory spells out three factors that influence an individuals’ level of motivation. The factors are expectancy, valence and instrumentality. Expectancy is the measure of outcome that a n individual perceives his or her effort in a particular task will result into. Employees become motivated to work on a particular task if the effort they invest yields an outcome equivalent to the effort. Fidelity Investments appreciates that employees are the most important asset in an organization (FMR LLC). Therefore, it strives as best as it can to have operations streamlined in a way that they are a self-actualization avenue for the employees. Secondly, in line with the expectancy theory, Fidelity Investments provides a total package that is meant to satisfy the employee’s expectations materially and spiritually (FMR LLC). Further, Fidelity Investments keenly seeks to find out employee needs through regular surveys and strives to address them. By doing so, Fidelity Investments strives to both legally and altruistically ensure it has a delighted workforce because only a delighted work force can delight customers. Just as it is the case in society, business organizations also have among its members different or diverse interests. Politics and conflicts are often driven by difference in interests or concerns. In organizations, the difference in interests often results into organizational politics and conflicts. Major conflicts in organizations are closely related to who has what power and what jurisdiction. The word power is often associated with negative connotations. However, close inspection indicates or dissipates any such connotations. It is latently believed or subconsciously held, in many cultures around the world, that power makes individuals exploit, mistreat malign and even enslave others. Therefore, when some people get some position of power, they tend interpret it as a license to lord over others. As demonstrated by Griffin (470), power is not bad in itself, it is the application or relation to power that demonizes it. In actual sense, each individual has some form of power or capacity within himself or herself (Armstrong and Tina 7). Po wer refers to or is synonymous to authority, influence, clout and control. Having power over others does not mean having leeway to coerce, manipulate and dominate. In the real sense, power only means one has capacity, a talent, a skill, knowledge that others can rely on. Therefore, the individual can provide direction or influence others positively towards a goal. There are different kinds of power; the most widely known ones being position power, legal power and personal power. In organizations, the basic struggle is striking a balance between personal power and position power. Conflicts in Fidelity are minimized because position power is pegged on personal power. Organizations cannot survive without control. Control, which is one of the fundamental functions of management, ensures everything in an organization is done in an orderly way. It is only through managing power in organizations that control is achieved (Griffin 472). Proper management of power in organizations means that each employee understands his or her position in the organization. Management at Fidelity Investments ensures a proper balance of power in the organization by focusing on meritocracy when recruiting employees (FMR LLC). Each employee who holds a given position has enough knowledge, skills and acumen to hold such a position. By so doing, position power is pegged on personal power thus reducing risk of conflicts. Fidelity Investments endeavors to empower all employees within its ranks. Empowerment of employees calls for power decentralization. When power is decentralized in an organization, it means the decision making process is decentralized as well. Therefore, the top management in Fidelity Investments sets the strategic tone but the junior managers pick up the same and make strategic decisions in their areas of operation in consultation with the board. Organizational Structure An organizational structure is a critical component that determines operations and power spread in an org anization. For an organization to achieve its objectives, the organization structure has to be one that allows or facilitates the same. The organizational structure shows how power is shared and balanced in an organization. It forms the central channels of communication and gives the basic reporting structure or official communication channels followed in an organization. The way an organization is systematically designed, planned and arranged determines how effectively and efficiently operations are done in the organization. The organizational structure of Fidelity Investments has been changing over the years in tandem with discerned organizational goals. For example, there were announced changes in the organizational structure of Fidelity Investments in September of 2006 (FMR LLC). Most recently, in 2009 the company announced major changes in its organizational structure in tandem with the changing market features and scope (FMR LLC). The top most management organ in the organizat ion is the board whose head is the C.E.O of the organization. The board consists of representatives drawn from different operational areas in the organization. Each representative is a manager in charge of a given product brand. In each region, there are CEOs of different outfits in different countries. The different outfits take on structures that are most responsive to the host country characteristics. In early conception years, management in the organization was function based. However, as the organization has developed and diversified its products, a matrix organization structure has been developed. The structure infuses functionality, divisional differences, and geographical spread into one structure that best serves the interests of Fidelity Investments as a group. The organizational structure is meant to reflect the global nature of the organization and the unique characteristics of the countries within which the firm operates. Strategic Controls in the Organization Due to th e nature of services offered, monitoring and evaluation are critical components of every operation. Strategic control consists in putting in place long term measures that would ensure deviations are identified and corrected. As defined by Griffins (646), control consists in ensuring processes do not go out of bounds i.e. beyond limits. There are always changes in the environment. Therefore, in as much as one may have a great plan and strategies in place, the environmental changes require close monitoring. Monitoring helps identify ways of improving on strategy or correcting deviations from strategy. Through proper plans, financial budgets and evaluative meetings, the organization keeps tabs on everything that happens in the organization. Organizational Uniqueness: Managing Diversity Due to technological changes especially in the communication and transport sector, the world has become one integrated market. Most organizations are keen on becoming global players. Globalization of an organization is the process of linking an organization to the worldwide market. This means that Fidelity draws its clients from all over the world. Further, the corporate clients that Fidelity Investment works with are also of international nature. Just like in the case of McDonalds, as shown by Griffin (69), with the emergence of multinational trading, the issue of managing in a diverse cultural setting is poignant. Employees have to interact with many industry players from other countries and cultures. Consequently, accommodation of difference is critical for maximization of productivity in a firm. At Fidelity Investments, respect and tolerance have been augmented as vital ingredients in dealing with individuals from other cultures and organizational types. Conclusion As shown in this paper, Fidelity Investments is an interesting firm that is on top of its game. It is well established and a trendsetter in terms of best practices in financial services. Power, organizational structu re and employee motivation are intricately connected. The case of Fidelity Investments illustrates clearly that the organizational structure determines power balance in an organization. A proper balance between personal power and position power is achieved when employees are recruited and promoted based purely on meritocracy. Further, when the organizational structure is good and management is interested in employee welfare, employees become motivated to continue work towards the realization of organizational goals. Works Cited Armstrong, Michaels Tina, Stephens. A Handbook of Employee Reward and Management. London: Kogan Page Limited, 2005. FMR LLC. About Fidelity Overview. Fidelity Investments. 2008. 5th May 2011. https://www.fidelity.com/about-fidelity/overview Griffin, Ricky, W. Management. 10th Ed. London: Cengage Learning, 2010. This research paper on Organizational Analysis: Fidelity Investments was written and submitted by user Jace W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Cluster Analysis

Cluster Analysis Cluster analysis is a statistical technique used to identify how various units like people, groups, or societies can be grouped together because of characteristics they have in common. Also known as clustering, it is an exploratory data analysis tool that aims to sort different objects into groups in such a way that when they belong to the same group they have a maximal degree of association and when they do not belong to the same group their degree of association is minimal. Unlike some other statistical techniques, the structures that are uncovered through cluster analysis need no explanation or interpretation – it discovers structure in the data without explaining why they exist. What Is Clustering? Clustering exists in almost every aspect of our daily lives. Take, for example, items in a grocery store. Different types of items are always displayed in the same or nearby locations – meat, vegetables, soda, cereal, paper products, etc. Researchers often want to do the same with data and group objects or subjects into clusters that make sense. To take an example from social science, let’s say we are looking at countries and want to group them into clusters based on characteristics such as division of labor, militaries, technology, or educated population. We would find that Britain, Japan, France, Germany, and the United States have similar characteristics and would be clustered together. Uganda,  Nicaragua, and Pakistan would be also be grouped together in a different cluster because they share a different set of characteristics, including low levels of wealth, simpler divisions of labor, relatively unstable and undemocratic political institutions, and low technological development. Cluster analysis is typically used in the exploratory phase of research when the researcher does not have any pre-conceived hypotheses. It is commonly not the only statistical method used, but rather is done in the early stages of a project to help guide the rest of the analysis. For this reason, significance testing is usually neither relevant nor appropriate. There are several different types of cluster analysis. The two most commonly used are K-means clustering and hierarchical clustering. K-means Clustering K-means clustering treats the observations in the data as objects having locations and distances from each other (note that the distances used in clustering often do not represent spatial distances). It partitions the objects into K mutually exclusive clusters so that objects within each cluster are as close to each other as possible and at the same time, as far from objects in other clusters as possible. Each cluster is then characterized by its mean or center point. Hierarchical Clustering Hierarchical clustering is a way to investigate groupings in the data simultaneously over a variety of scales and distances. It does this by creating a cluster tree with various levels. Unlike K-means clustering, the tree is not a single set of clusters. Rather, the tree is a multi-level hierarchy where clusters at one level are joined as clusters at the next higher level. The algorithm that is used starts with each case or variable in a separate cluster and then combines clusters until only one is left. This allows the researcher to decide what level of clustering is most appropriate for his or her research. Performing A Cluster Analysis Most statistics software programs can perform cluster analysis. In SPSS, select analyze from the menu, then classify and cluster analysis. In SAS, the proc cluster function can be used. Updated by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Impact of technology on Business Communication Essay

Impact of technology on Business Communication - Essay Example In fact, prospective clients or customers will be better impressed knowing they are dealing with businesses that have good business technology tools rather than one with out-dated resources. Business communication also involves internal contact and technology has also greatly improved this aspect in many organizations. With this, messages can be sent electronically instead of raising internal memos, which has a possibility of being missed when staffs are not informed. Managers travelling frequently can also keep in touch with the employees regularly and thus, obtain updates or resolve issues in an instant. Indeed, technology has allowed for a faster and more efficient way of business dealing. The creation of company websites and the availability of search engines mean businesses are at the advantage of reaching out to far more audiences, both internal and external parties, with the necessary information about the company, as well as its products and services. Of course, the benefits of technology are only apparent when users are ethical. Otherwise, it can do more harm than good.

Events form the history which have been influenced by the tax policy Essay

Events form the history which have been influenced by the tax policy issue - Essay Example The paper tells that in current modern environment, the world is moving towards 5th generation. People always want to live in safe and healthy environment. The safe and healthy environment only possible when the all the internal systems of a country in controlled in effective manner. For this purposes, governments of different countries have made quality tax rules to run the internal systems in efficient manner. The people pay the money in the form of taxes to governments and governments spend this money to rum the system of their country. There are many interesting events in the history that which have been influenced by the tax policy issue. An example of this can be seen in the case of Lady, Godiva. According to the popular legend, Lady Godiva rode naked through the streets of Coventry to protest against her husband oppressive tax system. She also appealed against her husband. Another recent example can be seen in the case of Tea party movement in the United States. The Tea Party movement is a political movement in America that is generally recognized as conventional and libertarian party. This Political movement is also supported by the political candidates. The main goals of this movement are to encourage the government to reduce capital spending and level of heavy taxes. Tea party movement also enforces the government to reduce the tax rate. The voters of Tea party movement think that excessive high taxes are a burden on the citizens of US. Tea party movement refers that the high taxes are the way of legalized robbery. There are two more events form the history is discussed in this essay. The first event is the American evolution and the second event is American civil war. These both events have been influenced by the tax policy issue. These events have been discussed in detail. The first part of the event contains description of the event. At the second part, The Relevance of the event to tax policy has been discussed. Last part contains the personal eva luation that I assessed from these events. American Revolution Description of the American Revolution American Revolution is one of the major events in history that make material influences on the tax policies. Generally, American Revolution was referred to a fight between Britain and America. According to history, the main reason of the American Resolution is the system of taxes that Britain imposed on American colonies. Britain imposed the taxation on approval of the parliament. They did not represent these taxes in the parliament. On the other hand, colonials did not want to pay taxes on their routine import and exports. Some of the biggest merchants also denied paying taxes on their trading. In 1607, these colonies were isolated form its mother country due to the French and Indian war1. The kind sates that, the colonies have ability to take care of their own matters. He argued that the colonials have the rights to settle their own external and internal disputes. In this mean tim e British are busy in foreign wars and they did not understand the complexity of this matter. At the end of these wars the British imposed taxes on colonies to restore them in previous state. Colonials denied following the new tax system because they thought that it is the violation of their natural rights. They do not have any liability to pay these taxes. They also state argued that these taxes are to pay off the cost of the wars between England and France. There are also other reasons of American Revolution but taxes are those were imposed to pay off the cost of wars acted as the oil on the flame. The people of the colonies did not want to pay taxes without a proper representation. American colonies always wanted to live as an independent nation. For this purpose, they had set